Sarah Mitchell
When addressing a Catholic cardinal in person, the correct form of address is Your Eminence or Your Lordship, followed by the cardinal's name, e.g. Your Eminence, Cardinal Keeler. In the Philippines, a cardinal is formally styled as Ang Kanyáng Kabunyian, which translates to His Illustriousness or His Eminence. It's important to note that different countries and cultures may have specific variations, such as the British preference for Your Grace or Your Excellency. When greeting a cardinal, it is customary to stand upon their entrance and remain standing until invited to sit. Removing one's hat and kissing the cardinal's sacred ring are also signs of respect during the greeting.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Formal address | "Your Eminence" or "Your Lordship" |
| Informal address | "Cardinal" followed by their name, e.g. "Cardinal Juan" |
| Greeting etiquette | Stand when a Cardinal enters the room and remain standing until they invite you to sit. Stand again when they leave the room. Remove your hat in their presence. You may kiss the sacred ring during the greeting and closing. If they are your Cardinal, you may kneel when kissing the ring (bowing at the waist is also acceptable). Do not kiss the ring if the Pope is present. |
| Letter salutation | "His Eminence" followed by their name, e.g. "His Eminence, Juan Cardinal de la Cruz" |
| Addressing a Cardinal who is also an Archbishop | "Your Eminence" or "Your Grace" |
| Addressing in Filipino | "Ang Kanyáng Kabunyian", which means "His Illustriousness" |
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What You'll Learn
Stand when a Cardinal enters the room
When addressing a Catholic Cardinal in person, it is respectful to stand when they enter the room. This is also the case when a Patriarch, Archbishop, or Bishop enters. You should remain standing until they invite you to sit and stand again when they leave.
It is also respectful to remove your hat in the presence of a Cardinal. You may also kiss the sacred ring during the greeting and when closing. If the Cardinal is your own, you may kneel when kissing the ring, although bowing at the waist is also acceptable.
In the Philippines, a Cardinal is formally styled and addressed as "Ang Kanyáng Kabunyian", which means "His Illustriousness". In Philippine English, this is "His Eminence". Cardinals are informally addressed as "Cardinal" followed by their name, for example, "Cardinal Juan".
In other countries, a Cardinal is addressed as "Your Eminence" or "Cardinal (Last Name)". For example, "Your Eminence" or "Cardinal Keeler". When writing to a Cardinal, you would address the letter as "His Eminence, William Cardinal Keeler, Archbishop of Baltimore", with the salutation "Your Eminence", "Most Eminent Cardinal", or "My Lord Cardinal".
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Address them as Your Eminence
When addressing a Catholic cardinal in person, the correct form is "Your Eminence". This is the standard form of address for a cardinal, and it is considered respectful and formal.
In the Catholic Church, the proper titles and forms of address are important and are considered a matter of courtesy. While the world may be becoming more informal, using the correct forms of address for Church leaders is a way to show respect and proper authority.
"Your Eminence" is the equivalent of "His Eminence", which is used when addressing a letter to a cardinal. For example, "His Eminence, Cardinal Juan". This form of address is used in the predominantly Catholic Philippines, where it is considered a formal style, reserved for the most formal occasions and official correspondence.
In addition to the correct form of address, there are other protocols to follow when in the presence of a cardinal. For example, it is respectful to stand when a cardinal enters a room and to remain standing until invited to sit. It is also customary to remove one's hat in the presence of a cardinal, and it is permissible to kiss the sacred ring during the greeting and closing.
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Alternatively, say Your Lordship
When addressing a Catholic cardinal in person, the correct form of address is "Your Eminence". Alternatively, you can say "Your Lordship", which is very British.
If you are writing to a cardinal, you would begin the letter with "His Eminence, [Full Name] Cardinal [Name of Place], e.g. "His Eminence, William Cardinal Keeler, Archbishop of Baltimore". The salutation would then be "Your Eminence", "Most Eminent Cardinal", or "My Lord Cardinal".
In the Philippines, a cardinal is formally styled and addressed as "Ang Kanyáng Kabunyian", which means "His Illustriousness" in Philippine English, or "His Eminence". Cardinals are informally addressed as "Cardinal" followed by their names, for example, "Cardinal Juan".
In Britain and countries whose Roman Catholic usage it directly influenced, a bishop is addressed as "My Lord" or "Your Lordship".
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In the Philippines, say Ang Kanyáng Kabunyian
In the Philippines, the proper way to address a Catholic cardinal in person is "Ang Kanyáng Kabunyian", which means "His Illustriousness" in Philippine English, or "His Eminence" in standard English. This is the formal style of address for a cardinal in the Philippines, which is predominantly Catholic.
When addressing a cardinal, it is respectful to stand when they enter the room and to remain standing until they invite you to sit. It is also customary to remove your hat in their presence. If you are greeting your own cardinal, you may kneel and kiss the sacred ring, although bowing at the waist is also acceptable. However, kissing the ring is not appropriate if the Pope is present.
In addition to "Ang Kanyáng Kabunyian", a cardinal may also be addressed as "Your Eminence" or "Your Lordship", followed by their name, for example, "Your Eminence, Cardinal Juan". This form of address is used in formal occasions and official correspondence. In informal settings, it is common to address a cardinal simply as "Cardinal" followed by their name, such as "Cardinal Juan".
The way you address a cardinal can vary depending on your location and cultural context. For example, in Britain, it is common to address a cardinal as "Your Lordship". It is important to be respectful and familiar with the proper forms of address when interacting with Catholic Church leaders.
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If writing, address as Cardinal (Full Name)
If writing to a Catholic Cardinal, it is important to follow the correct form of address. This will depend on the location and the specific situation. Here is a guide on how to address a Catholic Cardinal in writing:
In English-Speaking Countries:
- The standard form of address is "Cardinal (Full Name)". For example, "Cardinal William Keeler".
- You can also use the title "Your Eminence" before their name, such as "Your Eminence, Cardinal (Full Name)".
- In a salutation, you may refer to the Cardinal as "Your Eminence", "Most Eminent Cardinal", or "My Lord Cardinal".
- When writing to an Italian Cardinal, it is customary to begin the letter with "Most Reverend Eminence" (Eminenza Revma.).
- If the Cardinal is from a princely family, use "Most Illustrious and Reverend Eminence".
In France:
- Address the Cardinal as "Eminence Reverendissime" (Most Reverend Eminence) at the beginning of the letter.
- In the body of the letter, refer to the Cardinal as "Your Eminence" or "His Eminence".
- End the letter with "I have the honour to be, with profound respect, Your Most Reverend Eminence's very humble and obedient servant" ("J'ai l'honneur d'être, avec un profond respect, de Votre Eminence Revme. le très humble et très obéissant serviteur").
It is important to note that the forms of address may vary slightly depending on the region and specific cultural contexts. Always remember to be respectful and formal when addressing a Catholic Cardinal.
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Frequently asked questions
When addressing a Catholic cardinal in person, you should stand when they enter the room and remain standing until they invite you to sit. You should also remove your hat and may kiss the sacred ring. When speaking, you can refer to them as "Your Eminence" or "Your Lordship/Grace" followed by their name, for example, "Your Eminence, Cardinal Juan".
If the cardinal is also an archbishop, you would address them as "Your Eminence, Cardinal (Full Name), Archbishop of (Place)".
In predominantly Catholic countries like the Philippines, cardinals are informally addressed as "Cardinal" followed by their name, for example, "Cardinal Juan". In letters, you can address them as "His Eminence" or "His Illustriousness".
